Trump signs July 20 Canada tariff orders, with covered products set to face 50% duties on August 19

President Donald Trump signed three Canada tariff proclamations on July 20 under Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930, and the White House says the new 50% duties on covered products take effect on August 19, 2026. The orders focus on three sectors — motor vehicles, alcoholic beverages and dairy — but they do not read as blanket duties on every Canadian import. Instead, the tariffs attach to specific products listed in annexes to the proclamations, which makes the fine print just as important as the headline. That structure matters. The administration’s own materials say the new duties are aimed at Canadian discrimination against U.S. commerce in those sectors, and the proclamations define coverage product by product. For importers, that means the immediate question is not whether a shipment is Canadian in the broad sense, but whether it falls inside one of the annexed lists. If it does, the duty applies on the effective date; if it does not, the proclamation does not automatically sweep it in. The White House has framed the action as a response to barriers in autos, alcohol and dairy, and U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer echoed that line in a public statement on the tariffs. But the practical effect is narrower and more technical than the rhetoric suggests. Companies now have a short window to check tariff classifications, review sourcing and decide whether any planned shipments need to move before August 19 or be treated as subject to the new rate. What the proclamations do not do is offer a simple, economy-wide answer. The policy turns on annex language, product descriptions and customs treatment, which means two shipments from Canada can face different outcomes depending on what is inside the container and how it is classified at the border. That is the part businesses will have to read twice. The timing also leaves little room for adjustment. A July 20 signing date and an August 19 effective date give importers about a month to sort out exposure, update pricing and decide whether to absorb the cost or pass it along. The administration is presenting the move as a correction to Canadian trade barriers. For the companies doing the paperwork, it is a deadline with real money attached.